A new species emerges from this geographic range of its ancestor as per this theory of speciation
1. Sympatric speciation
2.Parapatric speciation
3.Allopatric speciation
4.None of these
An immune response when provoked by a nonself particle is known as
1.immunoglobulin
2.antibody
3.antigen
4. interferon
ATP synthesis by ATP synthase is driven by the movement of
1.protons
2. NADPH
3.electrons
4.All of the above
 This can cause a steeper cline
1.Extensive migration
2.Strong selection against heterozygotes
3.Stabilizing selection throughout the region
4.All of these
 This is not a cardinal sign of inflammation
1.redness
2.heat
3.swelling and pain
4.opsonization
Basophils, eosinophils and Neutrophils are referred to as
1.Platelets
2.Astocytomas
3.Granulocytes
4.Buffers
Carbohydrate’s respiratory quotient is
1.equal to five
2.less than unit
3.greater than unity
4. unity
Cyclic photophosphorylation is associated with the production of
1.ATP
2.NADPH
3.O2
4.All of the above
Cytotoxic T cells destroy the target cells
1.through injection of tumor necrosis factor
2.by phagocytosis
3.through insertion of perforins into the target’s membrane
4. by releasing oxidizing agents
During cellular respiration, chemiosmosis occurs in
1.Chloroplast
2.Mitochondria
3.Peroxisome
4.Nucleoplasm
Glycolysis is the conversion of
1.Fructose into phosphoenolpyruvate
2.Fructose into pyruvate
3.Glucose into phosphoenolpyruvate
4.Glucose into pyruvate
If cladistics were used to build a phylogenetic tree of cats, this would be the most appropriate outgroup
1.tiger
2.leopard
3. wolf
4.domestic cat
In anaerobic respiration, the Respiratory quotient is
1.greater than one
2.one
3. zero
4.infinity
In this kind of speciation, evolution can be expected to be faster whilst the speciation between the speciating events
1.Peripheral speciation
2. Hybridization
3.Sympatric speciation
4.Both (b) and (c)
The Respiratory quotient (R.Q.) of C39 H72 O6 is
1.0.72
2.2.71
3. 1.32
4.3.25
Lymphocytes are of two types, they are
1.T-cells and erythrocytes
2.Erythrocytes and Platelets
3.T-cells and Platelets
4.T-cells and B-cells
On the basis of cladistics, this eukaryotic kingdom is polyphyletic and hence unacceptable
1.Monera
2.Protista
3.Animalia
4.Fungi
Pick the incorrect statement concerning the terminologies of phylogenetics
1.branches are the lines in the tree
2. tips of the branches have long lost sequences or species
3.node indicate inferred ancestor of extant taxa
4.connecting point joining two adjacent branches is a node
Possessing four appendages when comparing mammals with birds is
1.a character used to sort bird species
2.example of analogy rather than homology
3. a shared derived character
4.a shared ancestral character
Proton concentration is highest in which part of the chloroplast?
1.Stroma
2. Intermembrane space
3.Lumen of thylakoids
4. Antennae complex
Proton concentration is highest in which part of the mitochondria?
1.Matrix
2. Inner membrane
3. Outer membrane
4.Intermembrane space
Species, the biological concept is applicable only to the breeding populations
1.that are adequately large to constitute a viable reproductive group
2.that are adequately uniform to be recognized by observation
3.in experimental conditions
4.in nature
The ATP synthesised by ATP synthase present in the thylakoid membrane is released towards
1.stroma
2.lumen
3.inner membrane
4.outer membrane
The EMP pathway in eukaryotes usually takes place in
1. nucleus
2. lysosome
3.Golgi apparatus
4.cytosol
The energy yield due to the outcome of total oxidation of 1 molecule of glucose during the cellular respiration is enough to convert
1.38 molecules of ADP to 38 molecules of ATP
2.36 molecules of ADP to 36 molecules of ATP
3.30 molecules of ADP to 30 molecules of ATP
4.32 molecules of ADP to 32 molecules of ATP
The lymphocytes which can develop immunocompetence in the thymus is
1.B lymphocytes
2.T lymphocytes
3.NK cells
4.None of these
The only blood cells which are not viewed as a part of the immune system are
1.fat cells
2.glial cells
3.osteocytes
4.red blood cells
The phenomena that initiates when a helper T cell binds with a class II MHC protein on a displaying cell is referred to as
1.T cell proliferation
2.costimulation
3. self-antigen recognition
4.antigen proliferation
The reproductive isolating factor occurring when a sperm and an egg are incompatible is
1. temporal isolation
2. ecological isolation
3.gametic isolation
4.behavioural isolation
The Respiratory quotient in germinating seeds is
1. zero
2.less than one
3.greater than one
4.one
The respiratory quotient in succulent plants is always less than one. The reason is
1.complete reduction
2.complete oxidation
3. incomplete reduction
4.incomplete oxidation
The respiratory quotient of a plant structure is dependent on the substrate’s nature that is
1.metabolized
2.catabolized
3. oxidized
4.reduced
This enzyme catalyzes the transfer of a phosphoryl group from ATP to glucose
1.Hexokinase
2.Phosphoglucose isomerase
3.Aldolase
4.Phosphoglucose mutase
This is incorrect about the merits of molecular data for Phylogenetics study
1.sampling bias is involved
2.with the help of molecular data more robust and clear-cut phylogenetic tree can be constructed
3.much easier to obtain in comparison to fossil records
4.more in number compared to fossil records
This is not a reproductive isolating mechanism
1.ecological isolation
2. individual isolation
3.temporal isolation
4.behavioural isolation
This is not a vestigial organ in man
1.coccyx
2.nails
3. third molar
4.homologous
This is the key to speciation of populations
1.reproductive health
2. reproductive isolation
3.population growth
4.extinction
This is used to know the phylogeny
1.mRNA
2. rRNA
3.DNA
4.none of these
This phenomena can be induced in those responsible for the horizontal elements of this phylogeny
1. mitosis
2.point mutations
3.S phase of the cell cycle
4.endosymbiosis
This type of speciation enables production of hybrids between two species
1.allopatric speciation
2.parapatric speciation
3.bottleneck
4.sympatric
To construct a phylogenetic tree in order to apply parsimony, choose
1. tree with fewest branch points
2.tree representing fewest evolutionary changes either in morphology or DNA sequences
3.tree in which branch points are based on as many shared characters possible
4.tree assuming all evolutionary changes with equal probability
What stops a new chromosome variant appearing as a unique mutation from increasing in frequency?
1.It is because polyploidy is a rare process
2.it will interbreed with majority form causing heterozygotes to be inferior
3.allopatric speciation does not necessitate reinforcement
4.all of these
What will the respiratory quotient of the mixture be when equal quantities of groundnut seeds and germinating maize is taken
1.infinity
2.greater than one
3. less than one
4.one
Which of the following is included in the concept of genetic bottlenecks?
1. a loss of genetic diversity in descendent populations
2. sharing genetic material between two populations
3.extensive gene flow
4.increased ability to resist new diseases
Which of the following is necessary for chemiosmosis?
1. Proton gradient
2.Membrane
3.Proton pump
4.All of the above
Which of the following processes is responsible for generating a proton gradient across the thylakoid membrane?
1.Proton carrier transport H+Â from stroma to lumen
2.Splitting of water on the inner side of the membrane
3.NADP reductase enzyme present at the stroma side, removes proton by reducing NADP+
4.All of the above
Which of these immune cells are able to quickly respond post any subsequent encounter with the same antigen?
1. helper T cells
2.memory cells
3.plasma cells
4.basophil
Which part of ATP synthase forms the transmembrane channel?
1.CF0
2.CF1
3.Both
4.None of the above
Who proposed the chemiosmotic hypothesis of ATP synthesis?
1.Francis Crick
2.H G Khorana
3.Peter Mitchell
4.J D Watson
_____ are released in the respiratory burst having the potent of cell-killing ability
1.histamines
2.neutrophils
3.free radicals
4.platelets-derived growth factors